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Atlantis Bolivia - page 4, conclusion
"New opinions often appear first as jokes and fancies, then as blasphemies and treason, then as questions open to discussion, and finally as established truths."-George Bernard Shaw
Recent events have overturned previous conceptions about the history of South America.
In the year 2,000 the Akakor expedition discovers ancient walls submerged under lake Titicaca
Akakor expedition finds 660ft long temple under Lake Titicaca
In the year 2004 Akakor returns to Bolivia and finds more walls beneath Lake Titicaca.
Akakor press release 2009 relates discoveries under Lake Titicaca to Atlantis
Akakor video footage transcription of akakor video
If walls were found beneath Lake Titicaca which date back to 4,000BC then certainly there must have been people
in other parts of the Altiplano at the same time so currently accepted dating for the region must be wrong....
THE RECENT DISCOVERY by the Akakor expedition of ancient constructions submerged under Lake Titicaca is a wonderful achievement, but should it come as a surprise?
After all the
legends speak of ruins
under the
lake and the history of Man is littered with civilisations which have come and
gone, cities which have flourished and disappeared, many due to climate change
or natural disasters examples of which might be Pompei buried by the volcano
Vesuvius, Akrotiri buried under volcanic ash when the island of Thera erupted,
Troy, lost through aeons of time and only remembered as a legend until located
by Heinrich Schliemann, Knossos on Crete, Ur, Bablylon, Nineveh and then there
are the famous cities of Sodom and Gomorroh mentioned in the Bible but swept
away by earthquakes and never located.
It is probable that when the waters of lake Titicaca broke throught the southern shore of the lake drowning the civilisation in what is now the southern part of the lake, the waters would have continued southward wiping out everything in the southern region of the Altiplano. After all, that's what it says in the "legend of the Desaguadeo" when the god of the sea is outcast from Titicaca and carried south by the waters to disappear beneath the water in lake Poopo at Pampa Aullagas.
Did a tsunami
help sink Atlantis?...CLICK for legends page
There is also the recent discovery of pyramids at Caral in Peru which date to 2627BC, contemporary with the oldest pyramids in Egypt and older than Cheop's Great Pyramid in Egypt, and even more recently, remains of a 5,500 yrs old plaza.
click for Caral wikipedia article
click for Caral oldest city in New World article
Caral containment canal 288ft wide
Paria containment canal 200ft wide
Mummies found near Arica in Chile are also older than the oldest mummies in Egypt.
Above (left) drawing of a reed ship from a cave in the Egyptian Eastern desert
Above (right) model of a traditional Bolivian reed ship from the museum in La Paz
The discovery of the Fuente Magna, a large stone dish covered in proto-cuneiform writing from the shores of LAKE TITICACA
offers two possibilities. One, that it was brought to the Andes by the proto-Sumerians, or two, that the Sumerians themselves
originated here.
Click for original report
A two part solution
Since there is no 100% solution that relates a time, place and events to Atlantis in the exact manner Plato
described, we should consider, as sugested by the historian Robert Graves (The Greek Myths) the possibility that
the story of Atlantis is a composite story incorporating elements from other legends which have been grafted onto
the Atlantis geographical description.
Pages one to three of this site demonstrate that the geographic description of Atlantis belongs to South America, particularly Bolivia, the Altiplano, Lake Poopo and the circular formation at Pampa Aullagas.
But what of the horses, chariots, the fleet of 1200 ships etc?
Here, in the number of ships, we have a further clue and in the description of the Confederation of Atlantis
ruling Libya up to the borders of Egypt and Europe up to Tyrennia in Italy, then attempting to enslave the
whole of the eastern Mediterranean.
The dating is a difficult question, some factors point to an early date, such as the mastodons, yet Plato tells us that "9,000 is the sum of years since the war occurred" and he is describing the foundation of Athens and the "finest of the deeds the Greeks achieved."
If we substitute lunar "years" (sidereal lunar months) for solar years, this would bring the date down to around 1260BC and the Trojan war which might correspond to the "finest of the deeds the Greeks achieved" while the "confederated nations attempting to enslave the eastern Mediterranean" would be what are usually called "the Sea Peoples" who attacked Egypt in 1220 and 1186BC, attempting to enter Egypt both by sea and with land armies all of which were defeated by the Egyptian pharoahs.
Above left, headgear of Sea People warrior, next, headdress of amazonian Indians, then headgear
of Tula warrior, Mexico,
then headdress of Tiwanaku warrior, Bolivia.
Click for comparison of headgear page
high feather headdresses of the Sea Peoples.
The boats of the Sea Peoples are ambushed and pulled over with grappling irons.
Prisoners were taken and some, such as the Philistines, resettled in Palestine which is named after them.
The Sea Peoples were a confederation of various nations and so far it has not been possible for archaeologists to identify exactly where they came from. The Egyptians said they came from "The Isles in the midst of the Sea".
This is usually assumed to mean Mediterranean islands, but at the same time the use of feathered headdresses combined with the discovery of coca in the mummies of Egyptian pharoahs suggests there may have been also a South American connection i.e. with Atlantis.
American drugs (coca and tobacco) in Egyptian Mummies.
If we go back to Herodotus, the Greek historian (484 BC– 425 BC) writing in his Histories tells us all about a great invasion of Greece by the Persians and how they were defeated by the Greeks. He tells us that the Persians had a great fleet of 1207 ships ...
Now wasn't that the same number the fleet of Atlantis was supposed to have, also the same numer the Greeks had against the Trojans in the Trojan war??!!!
And could this great invasion fleet of the Persians be the same that Plato used to base his Atlantis story upon, since they in turn were beaten by the Greeks both on land and by sea, so that was "the finest achievement of the Greeks"?
Although this latter event was later than when Solon visited Egypt it was also before Plato wrote his Atlantis story, so could have inspired him in his description of the war between Atlantis and Athens.
After all, his stated purpose in the Atlantis story was to find a worthy enemy that his ideal state of Athens could be seen to have defeated in war, to show how good his theoretical system of government for Athens would be.
So could this be part of one of those other legends grafted onto the Atlantis story as Robert Graves suggested?
It seems probable that the war which plato described began with the Trojan war when the Greeks cross over to attack Troy and all the Trojan allies.
Then the war continued with the attacks of what are called "The Sea Peoples" but were actually an alliance of various nations. After the defeat of Troy, Greek settlements expanded on the coast either side of Troy and according to Herodotus, the original inhabitants of this area set off to found a new colony in what became Tyrennia (Etruria or Tuscany). Then several years later the Persians expanded their empire to the west, reconquering the coast around Troy and crossing over to attack Greece.
Athens was burned, but the Persian army was defeated by the Greeks and the Athenians rebuilt their city and re-established their cities on the other side of the Aegian on the coast of what is now Turkey, making for themselves an Athenian empire or league.
That the Persian invasion was a retaliation for the Trojan war is explained by Herodotus on the first page of his Histories where even he thinks it was unreasonable for the Greeks to have attacked Troy on the pretext of the Trojans having carried off Helen.
Herodotus also mentions another interesting feature of the Medes and Persians which may relate to Atlantis. He tells us that when the first capital of the Medes was established at Ecbatana, it had "circles one within the other. And this wall is so contrived that one circle is higher than the next by the height of the battlements alone. And to some extent, I suppose, the nature of the ground, seeing that it is on a hill, assists towards this end; but much more was it produced by art, since the circles are in all seven in number. And within the last circle are the royal palace and the treasure-houses. The largest of these walls is in size about equal to the circuit of the wall round Athens; and of the first circle the battlements are white, of the second black, of the third crimson, of the fourth blue, of the fifth red: thus are the battlements of all the circles coloured with various tints, and the two last have their battlements one of them overlaid with silver and the other with gold." (Herodotus Book 1, 98)
circular fortifications and site of palace in Susa, Iran.
detail of circular fortifications in Susa, Iran (left), and comparison to
remains of rings at Pampa Aullagas (Bolivia).
Further research tells us that King Memnon built the circular walls at Ecbatana and also at Susa, but, here is another interesting part, that King Memnon was a nephew of King Priam of Troy, he is said to have ruled all the way from Susa to Troy and came to the aid of the Trojans with a large army until being killed on the battlefield by Achilles. Since both the fortifications at Ecbatana and Susa had the same form, they may possibly have been modelled on earlier fortifications such as those of Atlantis which Memnon may have heard of through his mother, Eos - which means "titan of the dawn" and said to have dwelt originally on the edge of Oceanus.
Above, Assyrian god with eagle head and feathered headdress, American Indian feathered headdress,
Aztec warrior with eagle head mask, Elamite headdress 1000bc,
Persian headgear, South American Indian headdress
Above, Sea Peoples with high feathered headdresses.
"The New Atlantis" by Sir Francis Bacon, 1627...
YOU
SHALL UNDERSTAND THAT ABOUT THREE THOUSAND YEARS AGO, or somewhat more,
the Navigation of the world (specially for remote voyages) was greater
than at this day…. Whether it was, that the example of the Ark, that
saved the remnant of men from the Universal Deluge, gave men confidence
to adventure upon the waters, or what it was; but such is the Truth.
The Phoenicians, and specially the Tyrians, had great fleets. So had
the Carthaginians their colony, which is yet further West. Towards the
east the shipping of Egypt, and of Palestine was likewise great. China
also, and the great Atlantis, (that you call America) which have now
but junks, and canoes, abounded then in tall ships.
At the same time, and an Age after, or more, the inhabitants of the
great Atlantis did flourish…..Yet so much is true, that the said
country of Atlantis, as well that of Peru then called Coya, and that of
Mexico then called Tyrambel, were mighty and proud kingdoms, in arms,
shipping, and riches so mighty as at one time (or at least within the
space of 10 years) they both made two great expeditions, they of
Tyrambel through the Atlantic to the Mediterranean Sea, and they of
Coya through the South Sea…..But whether it were the ancient Athenians,
that had the glory of the Repulse, and resistance of these forces, I
can say nothing. But certain it is, there never came back, either ship,
or man, from that voyage.
But the Divine revenge overtook not long after those proud enterprises.
For within less than the space of one hundred years, the Great Atlantis
was utterly lost and destroyed not by a great earthquakes as your man
saith (for that whole tract is little subject to earthquakes); but by a
particular Deluge or Inundation. Those countries having, at that day,
far greater rivers, and far higher mountains, to pour down waters, than
any part of the Old World. But it is true, that the same inundation was
not deep; not past forty feet in most places from the ground. So that
although it destroyed man and beast generally, yet some few wild
inhabitants of the wood escaped. For as for men, although they had
buildings in many places, higher than the depth of the water, yet that
inundation, though it were shallow, had a long continuance: whereby
they of the Vale, that were not drowned, perished for want of food, and
other things necessary.
So as marvel you not at the thin population of America, nor at the
rudeness and ignorance of the people…..and having in their mountain
regions been used to clothe themselves with the skins of tigers, bears
and great hairy goats, when after they came down into the valley, they
found the intolerable heats which are there, and knowing no means of
lighter apparel they were forced to begin the custom of going naked,
which continueth to this day. Only they take great delight in the
feathers of birds. So you see, by this main accident of Time, we lost
our trafick with the Americas, with whom we had most commerce."
Extracted from "New Atlantis" by Sir Francis Bacon, published
posthumously in 1627.
It seems very improbable that the 10,000 chariots and 1200 ships would
have set out from the Altiplano, but they would not have needed to. Since Atlantis controlled a great empire,
it could have dispatched ships and
chariots from other parts of the empire and it is remarkable how Sir Francis Bacon describes two great fleets
setting out from Peru and Mexico respectively and separated by the space of only 10 years - remarkably similar
to the time scale for the invasions of the "Sea Peoples".
And how could Sir Francis Bacon know all these details about Atlantis being
destroyed and
cut off by a great inundation and its people leaving the mountains to come down into the valleys as well
as the details of the two great invasiosns separeated by the space of 10 years? Well, the great Spanish historian
Sarmiento de Gamboa who wrote the official
"History of the Incas" was at one time captured by a
ship belonging to Sir Walter Raleigh and subsequently brought to England where he was presented at the English Court.
It seems probable that he would have met Francis Bacon and passed on his histories of South America
and the Incas, incidentally also inspiring Sir Walter Raleigh who set out for that continent in his own quest
to find "El Dorado".
The inclusion by Sir Francis Bacon of Mexico is very interesting
because of the plots of 10 x 10 stades (similar to Plato's description)
found there. The fleet from Mexico would have sailed through the
Mediterranean, but the fleet from Peru would probably have landed in
the Persian Gulf, adding to the forces of King Memnon - the very same
who built the circular defences at Susa and was a nephew of the King of
Troy and is said to have come to the aid of the King of Troy with a
confederation of nations…..
Sarmiento de Gamboa was of the opinion that South America was "the Atlantic Island" also called "Atlanticus" or "Atlantis". He also tells us that in Peru, Viracocha after a great flood adoted five pairs of twin sons. And he was of the opinion that the end or war of Atlantis took place ... "when Aod governed Israel in 1320 BC … According to all the chronicles Solon lived in the time of King Tarquinius Priscus, King of Rome, Josiah being King of Israel at Jerusalem in 610 BC. And from this period to the time when the Atlanteans put the blockade upon the Athenians was 9,000 lunar years, which referring to solar years comes to 869 years. And both added together is the aforementioned date." In other words, Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa specifically spells out 1320 BC as the date for the end of Atlantis using a calendar of lunar months. I am completely surprised that of all the many investigators and academics who have studied the subject, none to my knowledge has picked up on this before. In fact, Gamboa does not even discuss the possibility that Plato might really mean nine thousand solar years since it is so obvious to him that lunar years are intended, and I think it is important to give him credit as an astronomer and classical historian who, living in the Renaissance age, knew the difference between solar and lunar years and what was intended in Plato's text.
Sarmiento de Gamboa was not the only one to think that the events Plato described took place around the time of the Trojan War. Sir Isaac Newton had a similar opinion and tells us that the Atlantis events took place two generations before the Trojan War, and that the Egyptians exagerated the date to give more antiquity to their own nation, while the Greeks, not knowing where the island continent was, assumed it to have sunk. The details are given in his The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms "The time therefore when these things were done is by Solon limited to the age of Neptune, the father of Atlas; for Homer tells us, that Ulysses presently after the Trojan war found Calypso the daughter of Atlas in the Ogygian Island, perhaps Gadir; and therefore it was but two Generations before the Trojan war. This is that Neptune, who with Apollo or Orus fortified Troy with a wall, in the Reign of Laomedon the father of Priamus, and left many natural children in Greece, some of which were Argonauts, and others were contemporary to the Argonauts; and therefore he flourished but one Generation before the Argonautic expedition, and by consequence about 400 years before Solon went into Egypt: but the Priests of Egypt in those 400 years had magnified the stories and antiquity of their Gods so exceedingly, as to make them nine thousand years older than Solon, and the Island Atlantis bigger than all Africa and Asia together, and full of people; and because in the days of Solon this great Island did not appear, they pretended that it was sunk into the sea with all its people: thus great was the vanity of the Priests of Egypt in magnifying their antiquities."
Isaac Newton by the way tells us that the Phoenicians came originally from the Red Sea and were
originally Edomites who were a red colour, thus,
"The Red Sea had its name not from its colour,
but from Edom and Erythra, the names of Esau, which signify that colour".
When they were conquered by King
David of Israel, some of them fled to Egypt, others to Phoenicia, and others to the Persian Gulf which also became known as the
Erythrian Sea. They were credited with knowledge of writing, mathematics, astronomy
and ship building and many places were subsequently called Erythria.
"And this flight gave occasion
to the Philistims to call many places Erythra, in memory of their being Erythreans or Edomites,
and of their coming from the Erythrean Sea."
To quote Newton again, "These Edomites who fled to the Mediterranean, translating the word Erythræa into that of Phœnicia, give the name of Phœnicians to themselves, and that of Phœnicia to all the sea-coasts of Palestine from Azoth to Zidon. And hence came the tradition of the Persians, and of the Phœnicians themselves, mentioned by Herodotus, that the Phœnicians came originally from the Red Sea, and presently undertook long voyages on the Mediterranean.
So the Erythrian Sea means the sea from which the Red Men came and some people think that the Erythrian Sea might also have been an early name for the Atlantic Ocean. We should note also that Erythia is described as being a red island... "Geryon (or Geryones) was a three-bodied, four-winged giant who dwelt on the red island of Erytheia in the westernmost reaches of the earth-encircling River Ocean." And when Hercules quote "reached Erytheia he camped on Mount Atlas." So Mount Atlas was according to some writers, located on the red island of Erythia on the western side of the Ocean.....
As pointed out by R. Cedric Leonard, Plato was not the first to use the name Atlantis since it
occurs also in Herodotus.
The Atlantic was called after Atlantis as the sea containing the island of Atlantis and Atlas the first King of Atlantis. But Atlas was mentioned about 400 years before Herodotus by two famous Greek writers, namely Homer and Hesiod. We find Atlas mentioned by Homer in the Odyssesy. After the war of Troy, Ulysses goes on a long voyage and finds himself on a lonely island far away in the middle of the Sea. The island is well-wooded and a goddess lives there, the child of the malevolent Atlas, who knows the sea in all its depths and with his own shoulders supports the great columns that hold earth and sky apart."
He is also mentioned by Hesiod, "Now Iapetus took to wife the neat-ankled maid Clymene, daughter of Ocean, and went up with her into one bed. And she bare him a stout-hearted son, Atlas ... And Atlas through hard constraint upholds the wide heaven with unwearying head and arms, standing at the borders of the earth before the clear-voiced Hesperides; for this lot wise Zeus assigned to him."
"Atl" in the Aztec "nahuatl" language means "water" or "in the middle" or "in the middle of water". We might wonder how an Aztec word came to be found as part of the name of one of the Greek gods. The explanation is that the Greek pantheon of gods is thought to have been borrowed from the Egyptian, or from Near Eastern origins. And the story of Atlas supporting columns that hold earth and sky apart is very similar to the Egyptian idea of Nut (the sky) being held apart from her brother, Geb (the earth) by their father Shu, who corresponds to the Greek, Atlas.
In later times, the Atlas mountains came to be associated with the range of that name in present day Morroco, but if we are correct in our assumption that the island of Atlantis is South America, how much more logical it would be that the actual original mountains of Atlas would be what today are called the Andes, which rise to double the height of their counterparts in Morocco. The Altiplano is a level plateau, 12,000 feet up in the sky flanked on either side by the Andes mountains which seem as if they are "pillars keeping the sky up". Furthermore, when we examine this region of the Altiplano in Bolivia, we find that this high plateau is known locally as "the place where Heaven meets Earth."
According to a later story invented to describe the origin of the heaven-bearing Atlas Mountains of North Africa, put forward by Polyidus, "makes Atlas a shepherd: according to him, Perseus arrived on the scene, and Atlas asked who he was and where he had come from; and when Perseus' words failed to persuade him to allow him to pass, he was compelled to show him the Gorgon's face and turned him to stone; and the mountain was called Atlas after him." Thus Atlas became a mountain in Libya (North Africa), consequently quote "Late Hellenistic and Roman poets reimagined the Titan Atlas as a giant ruler in the westernmost lands, and early modern translators such as Thomas Bulfinch made of that hint a King Atlas, a mythical King of Mauretania, west of Libya, who provided an alternative etiological origin-tale for the Atlas Mountains of North Africa."
The original Atlas however whose columns held up the Heavens, quote "also instructed (Hercules) quite freely in the knowledge of astrology. For Atlas had worked out the science of astrology to a degree surpassing others and had ingeniously discovered the spherical arrangement of the stars, and for that reason was generally believed to be bearing the entire firmament upon his shoulders."
"Atlas along with Phoebe were said to have ruled over the power of the moon."
We should note then, that although often shown as carrying the globe on his shoulders, it was not originally the Earth which Atlas carried, but the celestial sphere - the sky, the heavens etc.
Time to look then at the lost Andean world of Astronomy, for which they have never been given credit but remains preserved in the arrangement of the calendar wall and in the icons on the Gate of the Sun at Tiwanaku, a soli-lunar calendar surpassing in sophistication anything found elsewhere in the ancient world.
One of the frequently read comments is that there were no elephants in South America.
Photo above shows remains of
mastodon (large mammal belonging to the elephant family)
head and tusks in Tarija museum, not far from the Altiplano.
Another comment re bulls sacrifice, the animals which were sacrificed were probably llamas, since this is common practice on the Altiplano as was drinking a mixture of the llama's blood from golden goblets in ancient rituals and even today offerings are thrown into the sacred fire as offerings to the gods…
llama sacrifice
“When therefore, after slaying the bull in the accustomed manner, they had burnt its limbs, they filled a bowl of wine and cast in a clot of blood for each of them; the rest of the victim they put in the fire, after having purified the column all round. Then they drew from the bowl in golden cups and pouring a libation on the fire, they swore that they would judge according to the laws on the pillar,”
Inti Raimi, drinking from golden goblets, sacred fire, llama sacrifice on youtube
Plato stated that he gave all the original names Greek equivalents "to make it more agreeable to his readers", it is important to remember that he never actually visited the site himself and neither the ancient Greeks nor ancient Egyptians had probably ever seen or heard of a llama, thus "bull" was substituted, just as "trireme" was substituted for whichever type of ship or boat was originally used.
Milos Conference Greece 2005 definition of 24 points relative to location of Atlantis CLICK HERE
Atlantis Conference Athens 2008 CLICK HERE
Outline Paper submitted to Altantis Conference Athens 2008 CLICK HERE
Full Paper submitted to Altantis Conference Athens 2008 PDF CLICK HERE
Full Paper part III submitted to Altantis Conference Athens 2008 PDF CLICK HERE
Additonal material
skeleton of ancient horse found in Peru
Latest news- human footprint 5 to 15 million years old found in Bolivia click for report
above, stone wheel from Tiwanaku
click for pre-Columbian wheels page
Bolivia and the Sumerian connection
Atlantis Stade
Click here Atlantis Stade
For measured intervals between Altiplano canals,
click HERE
Teotihuacan measuring unit
Click here for Teotihuacan measuring unit
Teotihuacan measuring unit at the citadel
Click here for citadel cubits, Teotihuacan measuring unit
Chichen Itza and El Castillo cubits
Click here for Chichen Itza and El Castillo cubits
Monte Alban cubits measuring units
Click here for Monte Alban, measuring units
Amazon cities click for report
story from the native viewpoint...
Plato's statements 50 points relative to Altiplano CLICK HERE
Who's who in ancient Greek history
comparison of translations of Plato
In Plato’s story, It is not Atlantis which is the ideal state, but Athens.
From the “Timaeus”
“Crit. Then listen, Socrates, to a tale which, though strange, is certainly true, having been attested by Solon, who was the wisest of the seven sages." The story continues introducing the theme of Atlantis as told to Solon by the Egyptian priests…….
Of course, the above may be nothing more than a literary device of Plato, but the fact remains that the geographic features do fit the Altiplano, which has the further advantage of all the sites proposed for Atlantis that it is the only one where the prospective tourist can visit and see for himself most of the details Plato spoke of, the level rectangular plain enclosed by mountains, the remains of an island sunk by earthquakes and still covered by fossilised sea sediments, remains of concentric rings of land, black, red and white stones, the metals gold, silver, tin, copper and the mysterious “orichalcum” – an alloy of gold and copper, the hot and cold springs and finally, remains of mastodons – the “elephants” which Plato said were at one time numerous in the continent.
It would hardly have been necessary for Plato to invent such geographic details as these, if he had known all the
details of the Trojan war then surely it would have been easier to have used that to illustrate the finest deeds of
his ideal state of Athens, or if the attacking forces were the Sea Peoples then it was not the Athenians
who defeated the Sea Peoples but the Egyptians.
Or he could have used the Persian Wars and how the Persian Empire
was defeated by the Athenians, but then Plato was not too fond of
democracy and wanted to show how an Athens governed by philosopher
kings had defeated a great empire, so is it for that reason that he
pushed the date of events back to 9,000 years before Solon?
So Atlantis becomes a great power, with 10,000 chariots and 1200 ships although as we have seen, 1200 was the number of ships used in the Persian fleet and also sent by the Greeks against Troy so in the end the story apart from the geographic description of South America, has elements both of the “Sea Peoples” as the confederated nations, and the Trojan and Persian Wars as the finest of the deeds the Athenians accomplished.
But in the geographic description exist details which could not have been invented. The rectangular shaped level plain in the centre of the island midway along its longest side, the orichalcum which Plato considered “being more precious in those days than anything except gold”, this Andean alloy of gold and copper, “sparkling like red fire” and then there are the twins, all the first inhabitants are born in pairs, just like in the Andes where the first inhabitants were born in pairs etc etc.
Not only does Bolivia, as it is called today, have all the above mentioned features, but even the Atlantis legend itself may have it’s origins in Bolivian legend since “the legend of the Desaguadero” tells of a city punished by the gods and sinking beneath the waters of the (inland) sea, surely not a parallel to Plato’s story but the origin itself of Plato’s story of Atlantis and possibly brought to Greece via Egypt as Plato claimed and brought to Egypt by captive warriors of "the Sea Peoples", or maybe the traders who first brought coca to Egypt since tobacco and coca from the Andes have been found in Egyptian mummies using modern scientific methods of investigation.
Books in English by J.M.Allen
"Atlantis: the Andes Solution" - the Theory
"The Atlantis Trail" - the Expeditions - now available in Kindle
You can download for Free a Kindle for PC viewer to read Kindle books on your pc.
"Atlantis: Lost Kingdom of the Andes" - the Discovery
Large format edition by Floris Books
"The Atlantis Trail" - click for free poster pdf version
Above, tourist map of site at Atlantis/Pampa Aullagas
The village of Pampa Aullagas
is now building a tourist hotel soon to open to welcome visitors to the site
at Pampa Aullagas in Bolivia.
Atlantis Bolivia - the evidence, pilot movie
: :
Atlantis theories links
: :
Atlantis Places links
History of reed ship boatbuilding and expeditions
Tangaroa balsa raft from South America to Polynesia