Another sculpture in the Father Crespi collection, above left, is almost identical to a winged bull figure from Assyria, above right.
There was said to have been a huge number of similar and other unidentificable artefacts in the Father Crespi colection, including gold sheets with an undecipherable language.
But the question of these sculptures in particular is whether they are genuine and of a great antiquity, or more recent copies, i.e. "forgeries".
If we look closely at the hand of the winged figure from the palace of Sargon of Akkad, in
Assyria, he appears to be holding something which he has just plucked from a sacred plant or tree and
has sometimes been described as a fir cone, a sponge, the spathe of a male date palm (G. Maspero
History of Egypt, Chaldea) or
a head of corn or maize, (Americas's Ancient Civilisations
A. Hyatt Verrill and Rith Verrill who thought, P118 "It seems probable that maize was carried from
America to Asia by the earliest Sumerian voyagers, but in its new home, where the people were unfamiliar
with its proper cultivation and hybridisation, it deteriorated and died out, whereas, in America, where
the Indians were familiar with the proper care of corn, it increased and improved.")
That should surprise us, because corn or maize
was not said to be imported into Europe, until after the "discovery" of the Americas by Christopher Columbus in 1492
although James Bailey (God Kings and Titans) tells us that maize was introduced into Spain by the Arabs in the thirteenth century.
If we look at the above sculpture, this time from an ancient temple in India,
the goddess is also holding in her hand what looks like a head of corn ...
Sargon of Akkad claimed to have been "Lord of the Four Quarters" (just like in the Andes, the Incas were "Lords of the Four Quarters, this being the name for the later Inca Empire called Tahuantinsuyo.
It is usually assumed that the four quarters of Sargon were the territories bounding on his assyrian kingdom,
but Sargon also claimed to have made a voyage to the far west, to obtain the metal tin. Again it is usually assumed that he went to Cornwall for his tin but there were also plentiful supplies in Bolivia
so perhaps when he claimed to be lord of the Four Quarters of the World, that world did after all include Bolivia and South America.
It has also been found that there are many Semitic words or roots underlaying the local Aymara laguage in Bolivia.
Then there is the name of the oldest inhabitants of the Altiplano, who lived in reed houses and built reed boats just like the Sumerians. They were called the Uru, and in Mesopotamia, one of the oldest or first cities according to G.Maspero (History of ancient Egypt, Chaldea) was also called URU, later shortened to UR.
Additionally, many measurements in Tiwanaku and other parts of the country can be related to Sumerian units.
Whilst looking for improved illustrations of the god who emerged from the sea called in Sumerian legend,
Oannes, above top left, I came across similar sculptures in the Father Crespi collection in Ecuador,
above centre and right. Instead of having a "fish head" aspect, these sculptures portrayed instead an "eagle head" aspect.
Although easy to dismiss them superficilally as forgeries, when we look at the subject in greater detail, there are other aspects which suggest there was indeed a Sumerian presence in Ancient South America.
above, spathe of male palm tree from G.Maspero, History of Egypt, Chaldea.
The Fuente Magna, a large stone dish found on the shores of Lake Titicaca, is covered in proto sumerian writing, so prehaps Sargon's claim was true after all.
above, map from History of Egypt, Chaldea showing location of city of Uru in Mesopotamia.
Above, Assyrian god with eagle head and feathered headdress, Amazonian feathered headdress,
Aztec warrior with eagle head mask, Elamite headdress 1000bc,
Persian headgear, Indian headdress
Above, Sea Peoples with high feathered headdresses.
Discovery of square plots in Tabasco, Mexico show Sumerian cubits in the Americas
Irrigation canals on the Bolivian Altiplano in intervals of Sumerian cubits.
The most ancient
calendar found at Tiwanaku was based in divisions of the year into 20, and set out in Sumerian cubits.